If people do not have any healthcare insurance, they tend to wait until their illness is further along and more difficult (and costly) to treat and they go into the emergency room because they know they cannot be turned away from there. A vist to the ER costs more than just a normal visit to the hospital Who pays for this? Taxpayers. Should the hospital be able to turn away people just because they have no insurance? Could you work in a hospital, have a mother come in with a sick or dying child and tell them to go away?
If they have basic insurance, then they could have gone to a regular doctor and saved everybody some money.
One problem with health care these days is that most patients have no idea what they ask the doctor or hospital to do for them costs. Many never even see the bill. If they knew that option A cost $3,000 and option B cost $7000 and that if they chose B they would have to pay the difference, which would they chose? Most would chose A. But they don't see the cost so they want the best treatment. The doctor has no incentive to seek lower cost alternatives- he is going to get paid anyways- either by the insurance company, the patient, or the government. There is no incentive to control costs.
Take a look at prescription drug coverage. Say you have a medical plan where you pay $5 co- pay for prescription drugs. You go to your doctor for a cold. He prescribes you a cough medicine and something for your sore throat. All you see is that you pay $5 each. If you went to the local drug store you could buy a cough medicine for say $8 and something for your throat for $7. From your perspective, the $10 is cheaper than the $15 you would have to shell out for the over the counter medications. You are behaving rationally from an indivudual standpoint. But the actual cost of the cough medicine to the insurance company is $65 and the throat spray is $50. Minus your copay, that cost them $105. (next time you get a prescription- check the label- it should show the actual price on it somewhere- these numbers are probably not far off- last time I did that what was prescribed to me would have cost over $100 if I had paid full price). Which was better for the whole society? Somebody has to pay the difference. If your insurance policy is through your employer, then he had to pick up the tab via higher insurance rates. If it is your own insurance, then you actually paid the extra money but did not know it.
As long as they have money coming in, there is no incentive to reduce the costs. The expenses will continue to grow. One way to do that is to make patients more aware of what things will actually cost including alternative treatments.
As for administrative costs, Canada's single payer system has one third of the administration costs that the US does.
http://www.rwjf.org/programareas/resources/grantsreport.jsp?filename=036617.htm&pid=1132
Some of the more interesting findings in their research:
As reported in the New England Journal of Medicine (August 21, 2003):
"U.S. administrative costs totaled at least $294.3 billion in 1999, $1,059 per capita, versus $9.4 billion, $307 per capita, in Canada."
"Health administration accounted for 31 percent of U.S. health expenditures versus 16.7 percent in Canada."
Canada's national health insurance program had overhead of 1.3 percent. Canada's private insurers had higher overhead (13.2 percent) than U.S. insurers (11.7 percent) did. Overhead of U.S. insurers was higher than that of Medicare (3.6 percent) and Medicaid (6.8 percent). Overall, public (Medicare and Medicaid) and private insurance overhead in the United States totaled $72 billion, 5.9 percent of total U.S. health spending, $259 per capita. Insurance overhead in Canada was 1.9 percent of health spending, $47 per capita.
"Providers' administrative costs were far lower in Canada." Overall administrative costs totaled $89.9 billion, $324 per capita, in the United States, versus $3,258 million, $107 per capita, in Canada.
"Between 1969 and 1999, administrative workers' share of the U.S. health labor force grew from 18.2 percent to 27.3 percent. In Canada, it grew from 16.0 percent in 1971 to 19.1 percent in 1996." (These figures exclude insurance industry personnel.)
As reported in Health Affairs (July/August 2002):
"U.S. tax-financed health spending is now the highest in the world." Tax-financed health expenditures totaled $723.8 billion in 1999, $2,604 per capita, or 59.8 percent of total health spending (including health care-related subsidies and public employees' health benefits).
"Between 1965 and 1999, direct government health spending, public employers' benefit spending, and tax subsidies all rose more rapidly than did overall health care costs." From 1965–1999, direct federal spending rose from 11.4 percent to 31.8 percent; public employee benefits rose from 1.2 percent to 5.4 percent; and tax subsidies grew from 4.6 percent to 9.1 percent.
"In 1965, U.S. tax-financed health expenditures per capita were well below total spending levels in most other developed nations and similar to government spending in other wealthy nations. By 1999, tax-financed health expenditures per capita in the U.S. exceeded total health spending per capita in every other nation but Switzerland and dwarfed government spending in any other nation."
As reported in the International Journal of Health Services (Winter 2002):
From 1997 to 2000, higher administrative costs at HMOs were consistently associated with lower quality. Of 65 quality measures studied, 53 showed a significant correlation and nine showed a non-significant correlation between higher administrative costs and lower quality. Quality measures included immunization, mammography and diabetic eye exams.
So taxes already spent on medical care are already higher per capita than any other country- including those with national health care systems.
27% of health care workers are in administration vs. 19% in Canada.
Our administration costs are three times theirs per capita.
Taxpayers are already paying for 60% of health care expenses. If we go with a national plan, we should be able to lower the costs for everybody.
Presently we pay more- and get less out of our health care system.
If you were to go to a national healthcare plan, I would have it offer only a minimal level of coverage- like doctor's visits, regular checkups, things like shots for diseases and the like. and allow people to have their own supplemental coverage if they desired or could afford it.