An interesting discussion, but in the end it always comes back to what limits are acceptable for what would, if completely unregulated, be pure libertarian freedom, social and economic, to range within. Some say no limits, others say any limits the majority can be persuaded to approve, by whatever means. Get everybody to agree on what the limits should actually look like in all matters and the societal machinery can certainly be built to accomplish exactly that. It's the agreement part that's the rub.
The disagreement here ultimately comes down to two questions:
- What are the inalienable natural rights that every individual possesses from birth, if any? (I would say life, liberty, and property, to condense them all into an easy phrase. Some people would disagree that property is a right, and this is the fundamental difference libertarians have with people who believe that a majority vote is enough to strip someone of their property.)
- Should government instate laws for the sole sake of protecting people's natural rights (because they are rights after all), or should it instate arbitrarily invasive laws based on a majority vote or someone's subjective feelings about what "greater good" goals somehow trump individual rights? If people choose the latter, is the degree of arbitrary invasiveness going to be strictly limited at all? If so, where does it stop?
Personally, I would say that if there's any kind of widespread disagreement on whether the government should have any particular coercive power,
it should not. After all, in the words of George Washington, "Government is not reason, it is not eloquence, it is force; like fire, a troublesome servant and a fearful master. Never for a moment should it be left to irresponsible action." If any significant number of people believe that they should not be forced to do something, they're almost certainly correct. Any attempt to force them is nothing other than the tyranny of the majority. In one sentence, you refer to limits "the majority can be persuaded to approve," and in the next sentence, you say, "Get everybody to agree..." These are contradictory notions. If everybody agrees on something and nobody whatsoever objects, then it should certainly be law, but the more people that disagree, the greater the minority that will be oppressed by what they consider an unjust use of force.
As a rule, government should be limited to instating only those laws that protect natural rights, and all law should be limited to the smallest jurisdiction that can reasonably enforce it (so it's imposed on the smallest possible number of people who disagree). Otherwise, what's the point of government other than an infrastructure for tyranny and a way for some to impose their "might makes right" will on others through that powerful infrastructure? While some may disagree on what our human rights are, I believe they basically amount to, "Leave me and my stuff in peace." In any case, I operate under the assumption that I'm correct, and those are the rights respect with regard to others, which I reserve for myself, and which I'm willing to defend...except of course when they're being violated by such an overwhelming force, like government, that I have no practical recourse at any given time. Anyway, while I accept some minor concessions on principle (and some do not) - such as very minimal taxation - to carry out the "necessary" functions of government to preserve these rights, I believe these rights are nevertheless absolute and certainly not subject to the whims of a majority vote. In other words, people have an obligation to respect, but not necessary to protect, other people's rights, but I'm willing to compromise on that and codify some protection into law, facilitated through minimal taxation. I'm also willing to consent to the will of the population when about 95+% of people agree on some other law (so long as the jurisdiction is proper), but that's quite a slippery slope, and I might not necessarily like it.
In the unregulated economy, after all, anyone is free to control the printing of currency presumably from their home printer, when they so chose. Of course how much value it would have would be subject to the other guy's confidence in the stuff in the proposed transaction. And of course if the stronger guy just enforces his will regardless of the approval of the weaker guy with regard to the transaction, without any regulatory authority then that's just how it goes, and the weaker guy has to look for someone weaker still to prey upon to recoup.
In an unregulated economy, people would not rely on 100% paper currencies for exactly this reason. The fact that the supply of paper currency can be manipulated at someone's whim is the biggest problem with having a paper currency backed by nothing limited in supply in the first place. Instead, people would freely decide to use some limited commodity as a medium of exchange - preferably one with a relatively stable supply, such as gold, which cannot be manipulated at will - and that would be their base currency. Of course, competing insured companies would exist who will store such physical commodities and issue paper certificates or electronic credits for the sake of convenience (in the case of electronic transfers, the actual currency would be frequently moved between holding companies, since they'd each want to make sure they and their customers are not getting screwed). If any particular company was found to be fraudulent and issuing more certificates than they have actual base currency, nobody would accept their certificates anymore, and that company would go out of business. In other words, the free market spreads and decentralizes risks of inflationary fraud...whereas with legal tender laws as we have today (which are regulations saying we
must accept FRN's and only FRN's as legal tender, in violation of our right to exchange our goods and services for whatever we want), all risk is centralized and we're all at the mercy of the central bank.
I'm not sure what you're talking about when you refer to the stronger guy enforcing his will on the weaker guy during a voluntary transaction. In the free market, all transactions are voluntary, and competition keeps the power balance oscillating around equilibrium levels. Are you referring to coercion in contracts, e.g. Don Vito Corleone's "offer you can't refuse," at the point of a gun? If so, such violent extortion is a violation of rights, and so it is outlawed by
common law which exists to preserve rights. Business regulation, on the other hand, does not preserve rights; rather, it violates rights in the pursuit of other goals.
The notion that some types of regulation aren't regulation and other types of regulation are regulation is complete nonsense of course. All regulation is regulation, and in the end it always comes back to the question of limits upon complete freedom, and if we're going to set them, where to set them, how to set them.
All regulation is regulation, but not all laws are regulation. There's a difference between laws that recognize and protect people's rights, and laws that arbitrarily violate people's rights for some other purpose. If really you want, you can choose to call all laws "regulations," but then you're only conflating these two very different types of laws through semantics, and your chosen terminology would not capture the fundamental difference between the two, nor would the widely recognized connotations of the word remain relevant.