Other than a .22, what is the next best rifle to own in terms of using it for hunting and possible self-defense ?
30-30 is not an ideal caliber for engaging threats beyond 100-200 yards. Wouldn't you prefer the buffer zone of 400-800 yards? Both .308 or 30-06 are good, but I wouldn't knock a well built AK or Mosin in a rifleman's hands. Is budget for gun or ammo a concern? Prices are clearly inflated, but I would still buy if I didn't have a tool to protect my Liberty and family.
Buy a large amount of ammo first. Then buy the rifle.
The .30-06 is the most versatile round in America. Not only was it the US military's round for the M1 Garand (WWII infantry semi-automatic rifle) and the 1903 Springfield (WWI infantry bolt action rifle), it is still used by many 3rd world military branches making government surplus loads still readily available. it is also a favorite of Big-Game hunters and can take down any animal found wild on this continent including Moose, Bison, Polar Bear, and Musk-Ox. The round is found in many variations depending on your intended use. So specialty loads for big-game as mentioned, medium game such as deer and pronghorn, and small game such as Coyotes and Groundhogs are available in both factory and handloads. It is great for sniping and can accurately reach ranges of 1200 meters by a trained marksman using a quality firearm and long-range ammo.
For all around versatility and availability, you cannot beat the .30-06.
Ding, ding, ding, we have a winner. I couldn't agree more. .30-06 is the most versatile rifle in N. America. More people in Alaska use this caliber than any other rifle and they have brown bears there. That caliber has taken more deer than probably all others combined. If you are only going to own one rifle for everything this is the one you want. You can get it bolt action or semi-auto.
Lever action is cool too![]()
When you talk about self-defense, something to use against someone breaking into your home would ideally be more powerful than a .22 but less powerful than some of the others mentioned. If you live in a populated area a .308 could shoot through your house and into your neighbor's. This is part of why a lot of people like shotguns for home defense. .223's are another possibility (as in the dreaded assault rifles that no one could possibly have any legitimate use for), or pistol caliber carbines. Those last options wouldn't be appropriate for large game, though.