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Not only was money in the 1920s not loose, it is almost the perfect exemplar of Austrian monetary policy in that it allowed prices to fall because of productivity growth. You said base money was the best measure of monetary policy in the past. The monetary base in 1920 was $6.9 billion. It was $6.978 in 1929. Does that sound loose? The price of gold was the same at every point in the 20s so no inflation using that metric. Nominal GDP only grew 5% over 10 year or roughly .5% a year. That is very deflationary in the good sense. You had huge productivity growth during that time. Prices fell by some metrics in the 1920s.
Using this data, the average inflation rate in the 1920s using the CPI data was .38%, basically the lowest ever outside of the the deflation of the Great Depression. https://inflationdata.com/articles/...inflation-cpi-consumer-price-index-1920-1929/
I like Austrian economists a lot. But the data is devastating to the Austrian depression narrative. What is the response to what I posted?
It is true the Federal Reserve caused the Depression but it was because the Federal Reserve raised interest rates to 6 percent when the inflation rate was zero to burst the stock bubble. Just like I think you would agree a hugely negative real rate is bad (like now), why is having a huge positive real rate good? As gold flowed into the country instead of expanding money as the gold standard would dictate, the Federal Reserve purposefully collapsed the money supply by a third.
Both inflation and deflation are bad policy outcomes. Deflation in the early 30s wasn't some beautiful corrective process caused by letting the market work. It was a purposeful choice by monetary central planners that should be thought of the same way as choosing inflation as a policy.
Those are good points but I have some questions. If the fed wasn't printing why did they have to reprice gold from 20 to 35 an ounce?
This price change incentivized gold miners globally to expand production and foreigners to export their gold to the United States, while simultaneously devaluing the U.S. dollar by increasing inflation.
My original point is that the idea of a deflationary spiral is wrong. Maybe I have the wrong definition of a deflationary spiral. I'm assuming it means that a free market economy, with free market money will inevitably have a period where prices start to fall and it spirals out of control until the economy is ruined.
“I agree with Milton Friedman that once the Crash had occurred, the Federal Reserve System pursued a silly deflationary policy. I am not only against inflation but I am also against deflation. So, once again, a badly programmed monetary policy prolonged the depression.”
Although I do not regard deflation as the original cause of a decline in business activity, such a reaction has unquestionably the tendency to induce a process of deflation – to cause what more than 40 years ago I called a ‘secondary deflation’ – the effect of which may be worse, and in the 1930s certainly was worse, than what the original cause of the reaction made necessary, and which has no steering function to perform. I must confess that forty years ago I argued differently. I have since altered my opinion – not about the theoretical explanation of the events, but about the practical possibility of removing the obstacles to the functioning of the system in a particular way”
Such a "secondary depression" caused by an induced deflation should of course be prevented by appropriate monetary counter-measures. Though I am sometimes accused of having represented the deflationary cause of the business cycles as part of the curative process, I do not think that was ever what I argued. What I did believe at one time was that a deflation might be necessary to break the developing downward rigidity of all particular wages which has of course become one of the main causes of inflation. I no longer think this is a politically possible method and we shall have to find other means to restore the flexibility of the wage structure than the present method of raising all wages excep those which must fall relatively to all others.
With the paper share gold spot price at 1974.20 the cheapest American gold coin a dealer can purchase wholesale is a one ounce gold Eagle for 2049 pushing retail to 2125. Real gold price 2125 , probably should be 2400 or more
With the paper share gold spot price at 1974.20 the cheapest American gold coin a dealer can purchase wholesale is a one ounce gold Eagle for 2049 pushing retail to 2125. Real gold price 2125 , probably should be 2400 or more
Wall St journal says mortgage rates reach 5 percent for first time since 2011 . The week prior the avg was 4.72 on 30 yr mortgages. This moves the avg monthly payment up 38 percent increase from one yr ago ( 1223 after a 20 percent down payment to 1700). Jan to Jan home prices increased 19.2 percent ( S&P Core Logic Case - Shiller National home pice index ). Jan 2021 mortgage rates were 2.65 percent . Wells Fargo says mortgage applications suddenly dropped by 27 percent , JP Morgan Chase 37 percent . Credit card rates will also rise this yr . I expect the double digit inflation to continue . While the pool of worthy borrowers is shrinking by the moment they still expect around 2.6 trillion in mortgage types for this yr.
And when you factor in heating/cooling and maintenance I'm guessing it's easily 50% more to live in a home from a year ago.
I think I've said this before but I think there's going to be a huge shift in demand from mcmansions to small homes under 1500 sq ft. I'll bet the price of a smaller home has gone up much more than the price of a big home over the last year. Also I think those mcmansions are going to be split into duplexes and shared in other ways, like renting out rooms, etc.
It really irritated me when I was looking for a home about a year and a half ago. It seemed like for every 1200 sq ft house there were 10 3,000 sq ft houses. That's what 20 years of artificially low rates and govt backed loans have done. Almost everyone has bought too much house.
And when you factor in heating/cooling and maintenance I'm guessing it's easily 50% more to live in a home from a year ago.
I think I've said this before but I think there's going to be a huge shift in demand from mcmansions to small homes under 1500 sq ft. I'll bet the price of a smaller home has gone up much more than the price of a big home over the last year. Also I think those mcmansions are going to be split into duplexes and shared in other ways, like renting out rooms, etc.
It really irritated me when I was looking for a home about a year and a half ago. It seemed like for every 1200 sq ft house there were 10 3,000 sq ft houses. That's what 20 years of artificially low rates and govt backed loans have done. Almost everyone has bought too much house.
I think housing is getting to bubble territory but I dont see how it would stop as inflation continues . The cost of putting in driveways , septics , pouring basement walls and building/ matl.s is insane
I think housing is getting to bubble territory but I dont see how it would stop as inflation continues . The cost of putting in driveways , septics , pouring basement walls and building/ matl.s is insane