The dollar declined against most higher-yielding currencies Thursday, as investors favored currencies that offer advantageous yields and are underpinned by strong fiscal positions.
Commodity-linked currencies such as the New Zealand, Australian and Canadian dollars rallied sharply overnight and held onto their gains throughout the New York session on the back of encouraging employment data in Australia and Canada and signs that New Zealand's central bank may end monetary stimulus by mid-2010.
"They're the standouts," said Brian Dolan, chief currency strategist at Forex.com in Bedminster, N.J., of the commodity-backed currencies. "They're really differentiating themselves in terms of growth outlook" as well as expectations for increases in key interest rates, he said.
Against this background, the dollar advanced on the yen, as investors moved out of this traditional safe haven, but was little changed compared with day-earlier levels against the euro and U.K. pound. The euro suffered from continued worries over the high debt levels of some of its member countries.
Late afternoon in New York, the euro was at $1.4729 from $1.4725 late Wednesday, according to EBS via CQG. The dollar was at Y88.21 from Y87.80, while the euro was at Y129.97 from Y129.30. The pound was at $1.6267 from $1.6260. The dollar was at CHF1.0263 from CHF1.0266.
The U.S. Dollar Index, which tracks the dollar's value against a trade-weighted basket of six currencies, was at 76.011 from 76.043.
The euro was under pressure again as investors still fretted that debt ratings of some members of the euro zone may deteriorate after Greece had its rating downgraded and Spain had its outlook lowered to negative.
"It's nothing that suggests a risk of euro zone breakup or government default," said Sacha Tihanyi, currency strategist at Scotia Capital in Toronto, "but the euro is going to feel some of that impact" as countries with challenging fiscal situations sort through the mess.
As "underlying fundamentals and cyclical issues" become more relevant for investors, demand for risk "is going to be more selective and reward currencies with higher yields," said Omer Esiner, senior market analyst at Travelex Global Business Payments in Washington.
Investors have become pickier when it comes to placing bets, sticking mostly to the high-flying commodity currencies that are backed by a sunny economic picture, said Alan Ruskin, global head of currency strategy for RBS Global Banking and Markets in Greenwich, Conn.
The New Zealand dollar performed strongly, gaining more than 1.3% against the dollar by afternoon trading after the Reserve Bank of New Zealand left rates unchanged at 2.5% but dropped its pledge that rates would remain low until the second half of 2010. The Australian dollar gained nearly 1% after reporting a fall in its unemployment rate to 5.7% in November from 5.8% in October.
To see the New Zealand dollar's moves against the U.S. dollar, please see:
http://dowjoneswebservices.com/chart/view/3162
Central banks elsewhere also made headlines, though the impact on currencies was muted. The Swiss National Bank left interest rates unchanged as expected, but announced that it would stop buying bonds, essentially a signal that its own version of unconventional policy measures is now being lifted.
Also, the SNB pledged that it would continue to curb any appreciation of the franc while the economic recovery remains uncertain.
The Bank of England on Thursday left key U.K interest rates unchanged, at 0.5%, as expected, and made no changes to its bond-buying program known as quantitative easing, as was also expected. There was little immediate reaction in the pound.
In Iceland, the central bank unexpectedly cut key rates by one percentage point, to 10%, as the country seeks to bolster its troubled economy amid currency weakness. In afternoon New York trading, the euro traded at 183.22 Icelandic krona, from 183.29 late Wednesday.