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Trotsky actually lived with Schiff in New York when the Federal Reserve system was being created.
Which Schiff? I believe the Schiff you are referring to is unrelated to Peter (or Irwin) Schiff .
Trotsky actually lived with Schiff in New York when the Federal Reserve system was being created.
According to the Wikipedia article you linked to, rapid industrialization in the United States occurred in the 19th century under a high tariff regime. This is when the United States became the world's largest economy with the highest standard of living.
The article states that free trade ideology became policy in this country with Woodrow Wilson and the advent of the Federal Reserve. It was under Wilson that the income tax replaced tariffs as the largest source of federal revenue -- spurring the rapid expansion of the federal government.
Paul Warburg, Jacob Schiff, Morgan, Rothschilds and other internationalist bankers were free traders and the driving force behind the creation of the Federal Reserve system. They were also supporters of Communism. Trotsky actually lived with Schiff in New York when the Federal Reserve system was being created.
This thread is starting to get annoying. I can see both sides of the argument here and it's nice to have the discussion. However, it seems that this is getting nowhere fast.
Not to mention Unions are nothing more than a miniature form of a Socialist governing body. The whole concept of unions was formed in the Socialist/Communist mindset. The individual is nothing, the collective is everything.
The forth is discrepancies in wages between different countries throughout the world.
The final point: The entire system is flawed, the government is flawed, the managed world economy is flawed, the banking & monetary system is flawed. We're over taxed and over regulated. We're over collectivized.
The United States built the greatest economy in the world under high tariffs that allowed us to develop from an agrarian society into the world's pre-eminent industrial power.
After the Korean War, the Japanese followed this economic strategy of import restriction while aggressively promoting exports -- although the Japanese government has followed economic interventionism much more so than the United States ever has. Their import restriction-export promotion economy led to explosive economic growth in the Post War Period when Japan's GDP grew to become the second highest in the world.
Korea followed the Japanese economic model of import restriction and export promotion starting in the 1970s. In one generation, the Koreans went from a nation poorer than most sub-Saharan African countries into the 13th largest economy in the world with a per capita income higher than New Zealand.
China is currently following the Asian Tiger economic model of import restriction and export promotion -- with heavy government economic interventionism -- and is achieving historic economic growth.
The Asian countries don't export to each other. They export to the American marketplace, which is open and not closed like their own. Their growth is funded by American finance from Wall Street banks that want the big returns from rapid economic expansion. The Asian countries also fund expansion with dollars captured from their huge trade surpluses with us.
Our establishment reacts angrily against anyone who points out that our free trade policy is a one way street, with our borders open to our competitors who keep their borders locked shut to us. While the financial class has benefitted greatly from this situation, the American middle class and working class have lost ground.
As industry after industry and profession after profession are lost to foreign expansionism into our economy, our welfare state expands to compensate for economic displacement, unemployment and declining living standards that cause rising social dysfunction (Detroit, Oakland, etc.). The Federal Reserve has compensated for the loss of our manufacturing base through the creation of credit bubbles to fuel consumption through debt -- causing brief periods of debt-based growth, which creates the illusion of prosperity.
The internationalist crowd clings to free trade ideology because it reduces American economic independence and makes us dependent on the international system.
Free trade would be great in a world without nation states where governments are not distorting markets. But we live in a world of nation states where governments use economic interventionism to gain competitive advantage (i.e. the Korean steel industry which is remarkably inefficient but has outcompeted the US steel industry through massive government subsidation). Economic interventionism causes malinvestment, where businesses in inefficient closed economies can drive efficient businesses in open economies into bankruptcy.
What we should promote in the United States is free enterprise within our borders and case-by-case trade agreements where trade is mutually beneficial to both nations. This is the trade policy of our founding fathers. Under this system we could end the income tax and reduce regulations within our own borders.
What we have now is a trade policy ruled by the Federal Reserve, which uses a fiat currency to give advantage to favored bankers at the expense of economic production within the United States.
Free trade is the death of the free enterprise system in the United States.
The United States built the greatest economy in the world under high tariffs that allowed us to develop from an agrarian society into the world's pre-eminent industrial power.
As far as housewives not working, they didn't have to work if they didn't want to up until the 1970s. My grandmother worked her way through college, but then stayed home once she got married. My grandfather gave my grandmother and dad a comfortable middle class living on one paycheck. But now with all the competition from abroad with free trade and mass immigration, it is harder and harder to get by on a single income. They say free trade lowers costs, and immigration leads to economic growth, but during my grandfather's time, wages were higher and the cost of living was lower. Although we pursued free trade after WWII, there were no imports from Japan or Europe at that time because we had leveled their economies by bombing them to dust. By the 1970s their economies were running at full speed and flooding us with imports, and that's when the dual income family became commonplace. And it was in 1965 that mass immigration was renewed as policy as well.
As far as housewives not working, they didn't have to work if they didn't want to up until the 1970s. My grandmother worked her way through college, but then stayed home once she got married. My grandfather gave my grandmother and dad a comfortable middle class living on one paycheck. But now with all the competition from abroad with free trade and mass immigration, it is harder and harder to get by on a single income.
Do you know of data that supports the claim that it has become harder to get by on a single income?
Do you know of data that supports the claim that it has become harder to get by on a single income? Incomes have risen some since the 70's, even after inflation. Quality in goods has greatly improved. I'm familiar with the notion that it has become harder to make a living on a single income (have heard a number comment that in everyday life), but I haven't seen any evidence that supports it (other than that everyone's definition of "making a living" has dramatically changed in recent years to include big screen TV's, a new car every 2 years, and every new gadget that hits the market.)
But returning to the issue of tariffs, I have a side question to pose that involves this entire discussion. I don't know how familiar you are with manufacturing, but autonomy has replaced the need for human labor at an incredible pace. (Check out "How it's made" on the science channel. It really is amazing.) My question for you though is this: how would you feel if nearly every product produced in the US was able to be created with minimal or no human intervention? Virtually no one in the US would have manufacturing jobs then. But consumers would be able to purchase these products much more cheaply than they could have when human labor was involved. So I ask: do you think such a technological advancement would be beneficial to our society?
If your answer is yes, then it is but a small step to drawing parallels between that and our current situation where what you would call unfair trade (with low wage Chinese workers and tariff barriers) has supposedly put us at a disadavantage. We as US consumers pay far less for these goods from China even if we must endure slightly smaller salaries as a whole as a result of manufacturing jobs moving overseas. This is a consequence of comparative advantage, even if that advantage is due to low wage workers or unfair import tariffs rather than real advantage. Consumers benefit when those workers who can produce a particular good the most efficiently/cheaply are the ones doing so.
And if your answer is no, that it would not be beneficial, then you share a similar view with the agrarian farmers of the late 1800's/early 1900's who claimed replacement of workers by machines and technology would destroy jobs and bankrupt the nation. Yet there is no denying that if we were still using tens of millions of labor workers to plow our fields and plant our crops by hand, our country would more likely resemble a 3rd world country than what it is today.
Do you know of data that supports the claim that it has become harder to get by on a single income? Incomes have risen some since the 70's, even after inflation. Quality in goods has greatly improved. I'm familiar with the notion that it has become harder to make a living on a single income (have heard a number comment that in everyday life), but I haven't seen any evidence that supports it (other than that everyone's definition of "making a living" has dramatically changed in recent years to include big screen TV's, a new car every 2 years, and every new gadget that hits the market.)
But returning to the issue of tariffs, I have a side question to pose that involves this entire discussion. I don't know how familiar you are with manufacturing, but autonomy has replaced the need for human labor at an incredible pace. (Check out "How it's made" on the science channel. It really is amazing.) My question for you though is this: how would you feel if nearly every product produced in the US was able to be created with minimal or no human intervention? Virtually no one in the US would have manufacturing jobs then. But consumers would be able to purchase these products much more cheaply than they could have when human labor was involved. So I ask: do you think such a technological advancement would be beneficial to our society?
As far as housewives not working, they didn't have to work if they didn't want to up until the 1970s.
If your answer is yes, then it is but a small step to drawing parallels between that and our current situation where what you would call unfair trade (with low wage Chinese workers and tariff barriers) has supposedly put us at a disadavantage. We as US consumers pay far less for these goods from China even if we must endure slightly smaller salaries as a whole as a result of manufacturing jobs moving overseas. This is a consequence of comparative advantage, even if that advantage is due to low wage workers or unfair import tariffs rather than real advantage. Consumers benefit when those workers who can produce a particular good the most efficiently/cheaply are the ones doing so.
Great point. Putting housewives to work served the same purpose as the importation of cheap labor. It increased the labor pool and lowered wages. Once they had almost everyone working, the next option was to import foreign workers.
Boil the frogs slowly...
But the service sector has seen steady growth every decade while the industrial sector has seen a steady decline every decade, and that's not a recent phenomena - it's been happening since WWII. If there was a sudden large exodus from manufacturing, perhaps that could quickly depress service sector wages if workers fled to those industries, but that hasn't been the case. The decline in manufacturing jobs has been not sudden but very gradual, and significant growth in the service sector has largely offset the increased supply of workers.Automation has lessened the need for workers in one area causing an oversupply of workers in another area. The current displacement from industrial is causing the decrease in service industry wages as more industrial labor turns to this field as a new occupation.
I'm assuming when you refer to imported foreign workers, you are talking about immigration. In that case, much of the cheap labor you are referring to is largely a glut of unskilled workers, both in the case of when housewifes first entered the work place and in the case of many imported foreign workers. Unskilled workers do not compete for higher paying jobs, so a depression of high wages is unlikely. Now, it may be that immigration and the glut of unskilled workers has been the primary cause of income levels in the lowest quintile barely budging over the last few decades. But I don't think it's necessarily a bad thing that the most unskilled workers in America are still earning what they did a few decades ago. I see no reason that an unskilled worker emigrating from Mexico or another country should suddenly be lavished with enormous wages and benefits just because they stepped foot into this country. As long as strong income mobility and the opportunity for such a person to better themselves still exists, (and evidence seems to suggest that it does), I don't think it's quite as important to concern ourselves so deeply with comparisons between the richest/poorest quintiles in wealth distribution.Great point. Putting housewives to work served the same purpose as the importation of cheap labor. It increased the labor pool and lowered wages. Once they had almost everyone working, the next option was to import foreign workers.