It's traceable then? I was under the impression it anonymous and that was a selling point for me. I just started Bitcoin so forgive me if don't fully understand the ins and outs.
It's anonymous up to the point you can tie that anonymous public address to an identity.
Like your public key might be 1Eq3vZHZ9uJbjDdENpbkrizN9Ji6HB4Fxc you received 2 Bitcoins at that address. No one knows it's yours, so you are anonymous. However, you go buy something from newegg.com and you open your wallet and pay, well, now it's going to be recorded in the blockchain that 1Eq3vZHZ9uJbjDdENpbkrizN9Ji6HB4Fxc transferred some bitcoins to an address owned by newegg, and when you ordered you would put a shipping address in, and name. So, now the government can get that shipping address and data from bitpay (newegg payment processor for bitcoin), and see oh that is suzanimals home address. So, now the government will know 1Eq3vZHZ9uJbjDdENpbkrizN9Ji6HB4Fxc is Suzanimal, but when you pay for something unless all your bitcoin inputs are perfectly matched to your payment output you will be producing some "change addresses back to yourself as well which they'll see as well as belonging to you. So, then you go pay for some drugs in theory on the darkweb using the same bitcoin wallet, you pay and they can connect the public address dots.
So, they can just keep collecting all that type of data from exchanges and retailers, and eventually connect identities to addresses. Plus when a drug dealer gets busted they'll look at all his addresses and those that sent to him, and add that to their database of known addresses.
You can remain anonymous, but I'd guess 99% of bitcoin users aren't going to do all the necessary hoop jumping to remain so. Also, if you receive bitcoins from someone that knows you, and they get busted for something and spills the beans on their bitcoin activity, the person could just say, oh yeah that is suzanimals bitcoin address I sent her some bitcoins, and now they know. In essence that bitcoin wallet is no longer anon.
If you want to remain anon forever, well, you can never use a bitcoin at a place that can identify you, and you can't ever accept bitcoin from anybody that could identify you.
Also, the sneaky NSA, I'm sure is monitoring people typing bitcoin addresses in google, like the bitcoinrichlist, etc.... If they see you searching for some "non-famous" bitcoin address that would imply you have some association to it. They also likely run some bitcoin nodes as well, which if one of their bitcoin nodes is connected to your node, and you sent a payment from bitcoin, they could see your ip address originating that transaction, and then well, they can find out who you are.