Russia’s State Duma urges Turkey to return Hagia Sophia Cathedral to Christian church

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Russia’s State Duma urges Turkey to return Hagia Sophia Cathedral to Christian church

Very interesting move by Russia...

Russia’s State Duma urges Turkey to return Hagia Sophia Cathedral to Christian church

http://news.am/eng/news/298365.html

Russia’s State Duma has supported the idea of returning Constantinople’s Hagia Sophia Cathedral to the Christian church, RBK writes.

Sergey Gavrilov, the Communist Party of the Russian Federation (CPRF) MP and coordinator of inter-faction deputy group on protecting Christian values, urged this to Turkey. “We expect from the Turkish side a friendly step – to return the Hagia Sophia Cathedral to the Christian church. The Russian side is ready to participate materially, and also to engage the best Russian restorers and scientists to the restoration of the ecumenical Christian monument. This step would help Turkey and Islam to demonstrate that the good will is above politics,” Gavrilov said.

According to the CPRF, today when the Russian-Turkish relations are experiencing a strength test, “mutual friendly initiatives and proposals are especially important.”
 
By "Christian Church" they probably mean the Russian Orthodox Church.

Update. Maybe not. Sergey Gavrilov, the DUMA representative suggesting the idea, says he is a Baptist. Baptists are part of the 1.5% of "other Christian/ Orthodox" percent of the Russia Population. 41% are Eastern Orthodox. http://russianbaptists.blogspot.com/2011/02/sergey-gavrilov-sermon-choosing-your.html

Some of its history:

Unfortunately nothing remains of the original Hagia Sophia, which was built on this site in the fourth century by Constantine the Great. Constantine was the first Christian emperor and the founder of the city of Constantinople, which he called "the New Rome." The Hagia Sophia was one of several great churches he built in important cities throughout his empire.

Following the destruction of Constantine's church, a second was built by his son Constantius and the emperor Theodosius the Great. This second church was burned down during the Nika riots of 532, though fragments of it have been excavated and can be seen today.

Hagia Sophia was rebuilt in her present form between 532 and 537 under the personal supervision of Emperor Justinian I.

It is one of the greatest surviving examples of Byzantine architecture, rich with mosaics and marble pillars and coverings. After completion, Justinian is said to have exclaimed, Νενίκηκά σε Σολομών ("Solomon, I have outdone thee!").

The architects of the church were Isidore of Miletus and Anthemius of Tralles, who were professors of geometry at the University of Constantinople. Their work was a technical triumph, even though the structure was severely damaged several times by earthquakes. The original dome collapsed after an earthquake in 558 and its replacement fell in 563. Steps were taken to better secure the dome, but there were additional partial collapses in 989 and 1346.

Justinian's basilica was both the culminating architectural achievement of Late Antiquity and the first masterpiece of Byzantine architecture. Its influence, both architecturally and liturgically, was widespread and enduring in the Eastern Orthodox, Roman Catholic, and Muslim worlds alike.

For over 900 years the Hagia Sophia was the seat of the Orthodox Patriarch of Constantinople and a principal setting for church councils and imperial ceremonies.

In 1204 the cathedral was ruthlessly attacked, desecrated and plundered by the Crusaders, who also ousted the Patriarch of Constantinople and replaced him with a Latin bishop. This event cemented the division of the Greek Orthodox and Roman Catholic churches that had begun with the Great Schism of 1054. It also means that most of Hagia Sophia's riches can be seen today not in Istanbul, but in the treasury of St. Mark's Basilica in Venice.

Despite this violent setback, Hagia Sophia remained a functioning church until May 29, 1453, when Sultan Mehmet the Conqueror entered triumphantly into the city of Constantinople. He was amazed at the beauty of the Hagia Sophia and immediately converted it into his imperial mosque.

Hagia Sophia served as the principal mosque of Istanbul for almost 500 years. It became a model for many of the Ottoman mosques of Istanbul such as the Blue Mosque, the Suleiman Mosque, the Shehzade Mosque and the Rustem Pasha Mosque.

No major structural changes were made at first; the addition of a mihrab (prayer niche), minbar (pulpit) and a wooden minaret made a mosque out of the church. At some early point, all the faces depicted in the church's mosaics were covered in plaster due to the Islamic prohibition of figurative imagery. Various additions were made over the centuries by successive sultans.

Sultan Mehmed II built a madrasa (religious school) near the mosque and organized a waqf for its expenses. Extensive restorations were conducted by Mimar Sinan during the rule of Selim II, including the original sultan's loge and another minaret. Mimar Sinan built the mausoleum of Selim II to the southeast of the mosque in 1577 and the mausoleums of Murad III and Mehmed III were built next to it in the 1600s. Mahmud I ordered a restoration of the mosque in 1739 and added an ablution fountain, Koranic school, soup kitchen and library, making the mosque the center of a social complex.

The most famous restoration of the Hagia Sophia was completed between 1847-49 by Abdülmecid II, who invited Swiss architects Gaspare and Guiseppe Fossati to renovate the mosque. The brothers consolidated the dome and vaults, straightened columns,and revised the decoration of the exterior and the interior.

The discovery of the figural mosaics after the secularization of Hagia Sophia was guided by the descriptions of the Fossati brothers, who had uncovered them a century earlier for cleaning and recording. The Fossatis also added the calligraphic roundels that remain today. They were commissioned to calligrapher Kazasker Izzet Efendi and replaced older panels hanging on the piers.

In 1934, under Turkish president Kemal Atatürk, Hagia Sofia was secularized and turned into the Ayasofya Museum. The prayer rugs were removed, revealing the marble beneath, but the mosaics remained largely plastered over and the building was allowed to decay for some time. Some of the calligraphic panels were moved to other mosques, but eight roundels were left and can still be seen today.

A 1993 UNESCO mission to Turkey noted falling plaster, dirty marble facings, broken windows, decorative paintings damaged by moisture, and ill-maintained lead roofing. Cleaning, roofing and restoration have since been undertaken; many recent visitors have found their view obstructed by a huge scaffolding stretching up into the dome in the center of the nave.

http://www.sacred-destinations.com/turkey/istanbul-hagia-sophia
 
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Yes. The sacking of Constantinople by the Crusaders was a dark and sad time in the history of the city and the Christian Church.

What's interesting with this move by the Russian Duma is that the Russian people are expressing this as a condition for future reconciliation between the nations. It also shows the blatant hypocrisy of the Turkish government.
 
http://www.interfax-religion.com/?act=news&div=12555

Delegation of Russian Orthodox Church cancels visit to Istanbul

Moscow, November 25, Interfax - A delegation of the Moscow Patriarchate has cancelled a visit to Turkey, which was to begin on Wednesday.

"A decision was made to cancel the visit by a delegation of the Russian Orthodox Church to Istanbul," the communications service of the Synodal Department for External Church Relations told Interfax-Religion.

The source said the church delegation led by Metropolitan Hilarion of Volokolamsk, chairman of the Synodal Department for External Church Relations, was to leave for Istanbul in the morning of November 25 for negotiations with the Turkish Directorate of Religious Affairs scheduled for November 26.

"Such negotiations are conducted annually in accordance with the agreements reached by the parties in 2012," the synodal department said.

A presentation of a Turkish translation of the book by Patriarch Kirill of Moscow and All Russia entitled Freedom and Responsibility and a meeting between the Russian Church delegation and Patriarch Bartholomew of Constantinople were also scheduled to take place during the visit.
 

This is unfortunate but understandable. The canceled visit also means that the visit of the Russian Church delegation will not meet with the Orthodox Patriarchate there as was scheduled. It is important that they meet because in 2016, there is scheduled a Pan-Orthodox Council, a historic event which has not happened in over 1000 years. The last such council took place in 880. To the Orthodox Church, this may be next Great and Holy Ecumencial Council in the history of the Church. These are interesting times indeed.
 
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Oops, was supposed to go here...


http://en.news-4-u.ru/the-head-of-c...e-return-of-saint-sophia-orthodox-church.html

Deputies of the state Duma supported the idea to return the Hagia Sophia in Istanbul Turkish Orthodox Church. As reported by RIA «Novosti», said the head of the Duma Committee on property issues, coordinator of the Interfactional parliamentary group for the protection of Christian valuables Sergey Gavrilov. International campaign for the return of the Cathedral of the Patriarchate of Constantinople has been held for several years. The temple currently has the status of a Museum.

The Deputy reminded that on 23 September 2015 in Moscow, was inaugurated the Moscow Cathedral mosque. «The significance of the event said that the opening ceremony was attended by President of Russia Vladimir Putin, President of the Turkish Republic, Recep Erdogan, Palestinian President Mahmoud Abbas and delegations of Muslims from around the world, heads of government and speakers of parliaments of foreign States», — quotes Agency the words of the parliamentarian.

Today, when Russian-Turkish relations «survive the test of strength» are especially important mutual friendly initiatives and proposals, expressed confidence Gavrilov.
«The Russian side finds it possible to think about living in Turkey, in Istanbul, one of the oldest shrines in all of Christendom — Constantinople Hagia Sophia (Aya Sofya), the ancient Byzantine Cathedral, with a history which involves the history of the Christian Church. We expect the Turkish side’s friendly step — return of Sophia Cathedral of Constantinople of the Christian Church,» — said Gavrilov.

He noted that the Russian side is ready to participate financially, but also to attract to the restoration of the universal Christian monument of the best Russian restorers and scientists. «This step would help Turkey and Islam to demonstrate that goodwill above policy. Christians need to return Hagia Sophia» — said the Deputy of the state Duma.

Hagia Sophia, located in Istanbul, after the capture of the city by the Ottomans in 1453 was converted into a mosque. Only in 1935, Hagia Sophia has acquired the status of a Museum. St. Sophia Cathedral was included in UNESCO world heritage site, among other monuments of the historical centre of Istanbul in 1985.

Campaign for the return of the initial status of Hagia Sophia

In 2006, the number of influential American businessmen and politicians led the movement to return the initial status of Hagia Sophia. Was formed the «Council for the liberation of Hagia Sophia» (Free Agia Sophia Council).

As reported by the then Orthodox portal Сirota.ruabout the beginning of the campaign at a press conference in Manhattan, said the American politician of Greek origin Chris spiru. He is the founder and Chairman of the Board, and is President of the Hellenic-American Union, Athens. Previously, he was Governor of the state of new Hampshire.

Chris spyrou stated that the Council will be implemented at the political, economic and legal levels. He stressed that «this is an international movement initiated in the United States, which has as its objective the transformation of the great Church of Hagia Sophia in Constantinople (Istanbul) in the current Church Orthodox Christian denominations», the way it had been before the conquest by the Turks in the Byzantine capital city.

Answering questions of journalists, he pointed out that «the Turkish government uses and calls the Hagia Sophia Museum, arranges local and international trade exhibitions, concerts and fashion shows,» and stressed that «it is a sacrilege and desecration of Holy places». «We will use all legal and religious methods to achieve our goals,» he added.

Spyros also noted that «in parallel with the actions to be taken in the U.S., the European Union and in organizations for the protection of religious freedoms, began collecting signatures of famous figures and politicians in many countries, so the organization is getting more response.»

«Muslims protested the cartoons of Muhammad. We defend the right of serving in the Church, which is a symbol for all Orthodox,» he said, adding that now is the moment (in the words of Spyros sounded in 2006. — Approx. NEWSru.com), as Turkey seeks to join the European Union.

In the Internet appeared the portal, which was announced the collection of signatures for the return of Sophia to the Orthodox believers and placed the appeal to the members of the European Union with the request to affect the Turkish authorities, in order to stop the sacrilege.

Currently the campaign organisers are exploring the possibility of going to American and European courts to claim the rights again to conduct the services in St. Sophia as the place is revered by Orthodox Christians.

At the public hearing of the Committee on human rights of Congress (Congressional Human Rights Caucus) held on 20 June 2007 under the chairmanship of the head of foreign policy Committee of the U.S. Congress Tom Lantos, President of the Democratic party of the state of new Hampshire Raymond Buckley, speaking about the current social status of the temple, in particular, said: «it is Unacceptable to deprive people of the right to pray in their Mother Church is Unacceptable to tolerate the daily abuse of this sacred space, used for trade fairs and concerts. It is unacceptable to allow further such open disrespect for Orthodox Christianity, and all Christianity».
And Chris Speer in an interview he gave in 2009 to the Russian newspaper «Tomorrow», said: «We aim to Hagia Sophia the Wisdom of God again to reclaim their rightful place as a temple, sacred to all Christianity, as the mother of all churches, as the Royal temple of Orthodoxy than he was before capture by the Ottoman Turks in 1453. The fact that Saint Sophia has never been a mosque and was never a Museum. She was always a Christian Church, converted into the mosque of Sultan the conqueror, and then to the Museum. I would return this temple to its original purpose» (cited from Wikipedia).
 
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